Have you seen my phone? I might have left it in the kitchen. Apart from that, you will be given some exercises to put modals of speculation and deduction into practice. (impossible that it’s gone far)Īny person who was awake at 5 this morning could have seen the eclipse. A colour code helps to identify the different uses of each modal verb without too much reading.
This mind map shows students what modals are used to express. I saw your dog a few minutes ago so it can’t have gone far. A fill in the gaps activity to test modals of speculation / deduction (MIGHT / MAY / COULD / MUST / CAN'T) in both the present and the past tense. (I assume that’s the reason why she was upset) They might have rejected her at the job interview. (He mentioned earlier that he would go to the gym)ĭonna was very upset when she came home. Since Thomas is not at home, he must have gone to the gym. Modal Verbs of Speculation about the Past More example sentences: You must have mistaken him for somebody else. We use can’t have + past participle to speculate about things we are sure were not true or didn’t happen in the past.Ī: I’ve heard that John hasn’t passed the test.ī: He can’t have failed the test because he’s been home ill all week.
We use must have + past participle to speculate about things we are certain happened or were true in the past. They have opposite meanings to each other though. When we talk about things that certainly happened in the past we use modal verbs must and can’t. Exercises focus on listening and reading skills and related vocabulary and. Things that certainly happened in the past
When we talk about things that we think possibly happened in the past, we use modal verb forms might have, may have and could have.įor example, Susan didn’t come to the meeting, so we can speculate about where Susan was: Modal Verbs of Speculation about the Past Things that possibly happened in the past Check your grammar: matching Draw a line to match the sentences that have the same meaning. However, when it comes to modal verbs in the past, we use this form: modal verb + have + past participleįorms of modal verbs of speculation about the past are: may have, could have, might have, must have, can’t have. Grammar videos: Modals of deduction exercises 1. They always go with another verb and we never add any endings to them. You’ll find uploaded worksheets in pdf with the lesson and exercises you can download, as well as the quiz.Īs you probably know, modal verbs are special verbs we use to indicate modality: ability, request, suggestions, order, etc. Many students find modal verbs confusing, so this is your chance to give it a little practice and learn how to use them.
Take a quick, free test (in 5 minutes).In today’s lesson, we’re going to learn about modal verbs of speculation about the past, which surely is not only useful but also challenging for you.
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